World wide Climate Conference

Climate Conference in Poznan:



Overview Climate Change Conference, which Poznan, Poland, in December of 2008 was held at the beginning of the month. Not with the first, as without conflict. For example, the adjustment of funds by supplementary funding has many differences. There was a time when Europe conference on climate change from a strong position to weaken the rule is to think on, and the news in recent years emissions of industrialized countries.



Bali Climate Conference:




The UN conference on climate change held in Bali, Indonesia in December 2007 led to a final agreement known as the “Bali Roadmap”. The Bali Roadmap outlined a new negotiating process to be concluded by 2009, International agreement on climate change. The Roadmap included a decision to launch an Adaptation Fund as well as further decisions on technology transfer and on reducing emissions from deforestation. However, as with past climate conferences, this was not without its controversies, especially Europe and developing countries’ criticisms of the US position and negotiation tactics.




Montreal Climate Conference:




December 2005 Climate Change (UNFCCC) United Nations Framework Convention on the eleventh session, the party's conference. The protocol for the party's first meeting. Reduction of emissions in these meetings and the debate on the future of developing countries to support the means. Meeting of the United States to a place, but finally left to return to the conference were convinced. Therefore, there is something that the text was a little weak, but believe that to create something for the future. In developing countries, but the discussion was a sense of justice and the judiciary has been missing since then.





Buenos Aires Climate Conference:




December 2004 Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the tenth session of the United Nations Framework Convention was the party's conference. It was the 10th anniversary of the Kyoto Protocol. Country and the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol to discuss the optimization measures. In addition, any discussion about the period after Kyoto's tried.




Delhi Climate Conference:

23 October to 1 November, 2002 Climate Change (UNFCCC) United Nations Framework Convention on the eighth session, the party's conference. The conference so far in reducing the emission of very little progress is not.






Marrakesh Climate Conference:

29 October to 9 November 2001, Climate Change (UNFCCC) United Nations Framework Convention on the season, the party's conference. The purpose of this meeting is an agreement on the text nor the political consensus in Bonn in July 2001 on the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol was reached in the technical aspects. However, the agreement, there as a result of the emissions are afraid to have some effect.





The Hague Climate Conference:




13 November to 24 November 2000 Climate Change (UNFCCC) United Nations Framework Convention on the sixth session was the party's conference. People to review every encounter in which to reduce emissions to comply with the implementation of the goals of the parties to meet a contact of the conference is. Intention on the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol is to provide three years of negotiations. In contrast, when we almost collapsed.





Kyoto Protocol Climate Conference:





In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol, Japan, the Kyoto conference on climate change for the Conference of the parties. Tam, the developed countries to specific targets to reduce greenhouse gases to have agreed. If a common framework, with details in the coming years to provide them. It became known as the Kyoto Protocol. United States, European Union, while 15% of the exemption and not the regulation of emissions, has proposed to cut. Finally there was an agreement, developed countries and 5.2% in 1990, there in 2012 for a period of less than 2008 for reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases have. (Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change, said in its report of 1990 that 60% of the reduction of emissions is necessary ...) the police about the meeting of a large media campaign leading companies from countries like the U.S. and has been affected The agreement is found, which openly opposed.

Coal Fired Power Generation

Electricity use since the beginning of this century the U.S. economy is an integral part of. Coal, electric power plants that have taken large amounts of cheap and reliable source of energy that reduce the supply of oil and gas mentioned is important. In 1995, the United States about 55% of electricity in addition to coal. Known for centuries of coal reserves, is expected to use the pool to the last.

Coal, fired power plants is relatively easy. The fine coal powder and food to combustion chamber where it is burned in power plants, coal fired a piece of land. Heat from the combustion of coal, the power to generate one or more steam rotates turbines, to generate is used.

Of coal in power generation plants in the United States plays a vital role in the1880's. The oldest plants, the manual feeding of wood or coal for heating and steam boiler for the production of. Compressors with the piston in the steam is used, steam generators, as electricity generation. This year more than 1,884 turbines with a high British engineer Charles A. Parsons the use of steam for power generation is as effective. In the 1920s, in the form of powder during the combustion of coal. This process has the advantage that the high combustion temperature, greater efficiency and more air for combustion of a low thermal requirement. In the 1940s, the development of the cyclone furnace. The new technology of coal combustion and the decline in overall production capacity with an increase in the poorest sections is enabled.

Currently, more than 100 years, but the current improvement in all areas of coal, power plant energy source, cheaper still out in the same way today if coal is elaborate.

Coal Fired Power Generation Technologies:

*Pulverized coal System:

The fine coal powder was not in the concept, and believe that if coal is so good that the gas and burns nearly as effective as simple. The boiler in the prices of coal to feed direction, and crushing the coal demand and drying or transportation of fuel for the amount of air through the computer is used. Pieces of coal are crushed between balls or cylindrical rollers that move between two tracks or "races." The raw coal is then fed into the pulverizer along with air heated to about 650 degrees F from the boiler. As the roles and coal land and coal as fuel in the hot dry fine powder through the achievements of the activities of happens. The powder carbon directly spray water in the burner of the boiler. The burner mixes the powdered coal in the air suspension with additional pre-heated combustion air and forces it out of a nozzle similar in action to fuel being atomized by a fuel injector in modern cars. In these circumstances, there across the fuel ignites in the combustion gas is hot enough.

* Cyclone Furnaces:

Cyclone in the form of powder kilns were coal and coal to reduce fuel system is required. You a 25% moisture content and ash content of coal with the burning of the poorest class. Or temporary supply of powdered coal in the box oven or directly collected from the storm. The furnace on a large water cylinder jacket, the steam heat absorption and merger of the burner for security. To end this war, air and hot breath of the carbon pieces with a strong fan stress. At the same time additional heated combustion air is injected along the curved surface of the cylinder causing the coal and air mixture to swirl in a centrifugal "cyclone" motion. Air and coal in the heat of the pool - high-density, high temperature (about 4700 to 8300kW/m2) and with the combustion properties of the production increases.

On the other hand, hot exhaust, and the war in the boiler, pipes and filled with steam to generate hot water used to. Fuel burns coal powder in a storm of his time to operating temperature in a furnace in the form of injection is reached. Slags still on the walls of the pipe in the boiler burner and heat insulation, while the rest is a collection in the ditch, where it increased to a settlement of the container goes down. The ability to collect the ashes of the cyclone furnace fire is the biggest advantage. Only 40% of the tree in the form of exhaust gases to 80% compared to coal powder allows. Cyclone furnace is not without drawbacks. Coal, a relatively low sulfur content, for the ash to melt the collection are used. This is a great strength of pollutants through the furnace fan and a big piece of coal and air forces is necessary to ensure, coal powder as compared to nitrogen oxide. Finally, a real coal burner cables from erosion due to high level change is needed.

Impact on the Environment:

Electric and coal IECG international controversy about the environmental impact of a large number of accepted ideas fired power plants. We believe that the benefits far outweigh the negative effects believe. CRPG, IECG with communities and experts working to reduce and potentially dangerous environment likes:

* Coal rivers and ground water around, leaching toxic chemicals cause serious and destroy the people.

* About two-thirds of sulfur dioxide, one-third of carbon dioxide emissions and one quarter of the nitrogen oxides emissions in the U.S. are produced by coal burning.

* Particulate matter in air emissions is the result of combustion of coal. And nitrogen oxides in the air particulates, asthma, reduced lung function and respiratory diseases and premature death of several thousand Americans aggravated.

* Nitrogen oxides and crops, forests and the loss of property due to the organic reagent gas Smog. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere and water, acid rain combination. Acid rain plants, fish and animals to kill acidic soil and water.

* Global warming is mainly caused by carbon dioxide emissions and is responsible for at least half of the warming.